What exactly counts as one year of skilled work experience for Express Entry?

Generally, it means at least 1,560 hours of paid work — about one year full-time (30 hours per week) or the same total hours part-time — in a skilled occupation (TEER 0, 1, 2 or 3). The work must be paid; volunteering and unpaid internships don't count. Your duties must match the NOC you claim, and you'll need documents like reference letters to prove the hours, pay and responsibilities.